January 2008 : Feature
Guest Columnist: Catherine Joyce
Elizabeth Bishop
The Moose
for Grace Bulmer Bowers
From narrow provinces
of fish and bread and tea,
home of the long tides
where the bay leaves the sea
twice a day and takes
the herrings long rides,
where if the river
enters or retreats
in a wall of brown foam
depends on if it meets
the bay coming in,
the bay not at home;
where, silted, red,
sometimes the sun sets
facing a red sea,
and others, veins the flats’
lavender, rich mud
in burning rivulets;
on red, gravelly roads,
down rows of sugar maples,
past clapboard farmhouses
and neat, clapboard churches,
bleached, ridged as clamshells,
past twin silver birches,
through late afternoon
a bus journeys west,
the windshield flashing pink,
pink glancing off of metal,
brushing the dented flank
of blue, beat-up enamel;
down hollows, up rises,
and waits, patient, while
a lone traveler gives
kisses and embraces
to seven relatives
and a collie supervises.
Goodbye to the elms,
to the farm, to the dog.
The bus starts. The light
grows richer; the fog,
shifting, salty, thin,
comes closing in.
Its cold, round crystals
form and slide and settle
in the white hens’ feathers,
in gray glazed cabbages,
on the cabbage roses
and lupins like apostles;
the sweet peas cling
to their wet white string
on the whitewashed fences;
bumblebees creep
inside the foxgloves,
and evening commences.
One stop at Bass River.
Then the Economies—
Lower, Middle, Upper;
Five Islands, Five Houses,
where a woman shakes a tablecloth
out after supper.
A pale flickering. Gone.
The Tantramar marshes
and the smell of salt hay.
An iron bridge trembles
and a loose plank rattles
but doesn’t give way.
On the left, a red light
swims through the dark:
a ship’s port lantern.
Two rubber boots show,
illuminated, solemn.
A dog gives one bark.
A woman climbs in
with two market bags,
brisk, freckled, elderly.
“A grand night. Yes, sir,
all the way to Boston.”
She regards us amicably.
Moonlight as we enter
the New Brunswick woods,
hairy, scratchy, splintery;
moonlight and mist
caught in them like lamb’s wool
on bushes in a pasture.
The passengers lie back.
Snores. Some long sighs.
A dreamy divagation
begins in the night,
a gentle, auditory,
slow hallucination...
In the creakings and noises,
an old conversation
—not concerning us,
but recognizable, somewhere,
back in the bus:
Grandparents’ voices
uninterruptedly
talking, in Eternity:
names being mentioned,
things cleared up finally;
what he said, what she said,
who got pensioned;
deaths, deaths and sicknesses;
the year he remarried;
the year (something) happened.
She died in childbirth.
That was the son lost
when the schooner foundered.
He took to drink. Yes.
She went to the bad.
When Amos began to pray
even in the store and
finally the family had
to put him away.
“Yes . . .” that peculiar
affirmative. “Yes . . .”
A sharp, indrawn breath,
half groan, half acceptance,
that means “Life’s like that.
We know it (also death).”
Talking the way they talked
in the old featherbed,
peacefully, on and on,
dim lamplight in the hall,
down in the kitchen, the dog
tucked in her shawl.
Now, it’s all right now
even to fall asleep
just as on all those nights.
—Suddenly the bus driver
stops with a jolt,
turns off his lights.
A moose has come out of
the impenetrable wood
and stands there, looms, rather,
in the middle of the road.
It approaches; it sniffs at
the bus’s hot hood.
Towering, antlerless,
high as a church,
homely as a house
(or, safe as houses).
A man’s voice assures us
“Perfectly harmless . . .”
Some of the passengers
exclaim in whispers,
childishly, softly,
“Sure are big creatures.”
“It’s awful plain.”
“Look! It’s a she!”
Taking her time,
she looks the bus over,
grand, otherworldly.
Why, why do we feel
(we all feel) this sweet
sensation of joy?
“Curious creatures,”
says our quiet driver,
rolling his r’s.
“Look at that, would you.”
Then he shifts gears.
For a moment longer,
by craning backward,
the moose can be seen
on the moonlit macadam;
then there’s a dim
smell of moose, an acrid
smell of gasoline.
Copyright © 1979, 1983 by Alice Helen Methfessel. Used by permission of Farrar, Straus and Giroux, LLC. All rights reserved. (View book: http://us.macmillan.com/FSG.aspx).
On the Art of Seeing Things
a reading by Catherine Joyce of “The Moose” by Elizabeth Bishop
To hold an object with an intensity of gaze that would reveal it, both as itself and yet more than itself, becomes a sacred act and a sacred art—embodying the mysteries— in the work of Elizabeth Bishop. In her poem, “The Moose”, she writes with an impersonal, distancing effect that so precisely articulates the natural world that it moves into dream, opening new dimensions of perception.
Bishop begins with a long, mesmerizing evocation of Nova Scotia, the land “of fish and bread and tea,/home of the long tides”, with a sinuous line that moves from stanza to stanza without a complete break, rising and falling like the tide itself to capture the feel of travelling through the late afternoon.
The music of quiet end rhymes breathes like a sigh, as of a distant, infinitely patient watcher moving with the snail’s pace of the bus that “journeys west …down hollows, up rises” along the south shore. We are drawn into a trance of seeing the landscape move past the bus windows as “the fog,/shifting, salty, thin,/comes closing in.” Everything is washed with it, “the sweet peas cling/to their wet white string/on the whitewashed fences;/bumblebees creep/inside the foxgloves,/and evening commences.”
And so it goes, this disembodied travel, where “A dream divagation/ begins in the night,/a gentle, auditory,/slow hallucination …” and voices from Eternity, “Grandparents’ voices” begin to talk of familiar, long forgotten things—who died, who said what, who went bad—finally settling into an ambivalent acceptance with “that peculiar affirmative. “Yes… Life’s like that.”
This impersonal voice, with its compellingly intimate tone, floats somewhere above the sleeping coach as it rides through the night. It becomes the voice of an elusive memory, a communal dream, hearing snatches of the ancestors’ eternal conversation, “the way they talked/in the old featherbed,/peacefully, on and on.” We are lulled into security by this hypnotic, subliminal understanding, “Now, it’s all right now/even to fall asleep/just as on all those nights”—when “Suddenly the bus driver/stops with a jolt,/turns off his lights.”
The colloquial tone marks a shift back into reality, or rather into a still, small place where the ordinary meets the miraculous, “A moose has come out of/the impenetrable wood/and stands there, looms, rather,/in the middle of the road.” The voice locates this happening within the givens of a Nova Scotian experience—a kind of inheritance from living in the “impenetrable wood” where the sight of a moose is both “otherworldly” and yet “homely… safe as houses”.
Bishop records the awed responses of the passengers but resists entering the action, draws no conclusions, only breathes out that communal sense of wonder, “Why, why do we feel/(we all feel) that sweet/sensation of joy?” The question hovers in the still air, as with the same quiet reticence the poem “shifts gears” like the bus, moving on into the night, “For a moment longer,//by craning backward,/the moose can be seen/on the moonlit macadam;/then there’s a dim/smell of moose, an acrid/smell of gasoline”.
Bishops ends where she begins, with the precise evocation of what is, and yet the scent of other possibilities lingers long after the journey.
What is it about this poem that is both consoling and unnerving all at once? Like a bird touching down lightly and skittering away on the wind, an echo perhaps of her rootless, searching spirit that in her lifetime kept her moving from place to place looking for something she might call home, Bishop sees the world clearly but there is an aura of uncertainty, even terror in her apprehension of reality, as if she might be swept away by the flux she perceives beneath the most solid of things. What is—with its inherent threat of what is not.






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This is Catherine Joyce's second column for Arc's How Poems Work. In December, she took up Gwendolyn MacEwen's "A Breakfast for Barbarians".
If you have questions or comments about the columns or the poems, Arc would love to have you share them here in the comment space below each column.
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